During the Pahlavi era, transportation in Iran—by sea, land, and air—saw significant development and played a key role in the country's economic and social progress. Special attention was given to building modern infrastructure for transporting both goods and passengers.

Land Transportation

1. Railroads: The construction of the Trans-Iranian Railway began under Reza Shah Pahlavi and was completed in 1938. This railway, connecting the south to the north of Iran (from Bandar Shahpur to Bandar Shah), was a major national project and played a crucial role in the transportation of goods and passengers.

2. Road Networks: Expanding the road network was a government priority during the Pahlavi era. Major roads connecting cities and rural areas were developed, featuring modern paving and infrastructure. These roads helped facilitate faster and more convenient travel for both passengers and goods, boosting domestic and international trade.

Air Transportation

1. Airports: The Pahlavi era saw the expansion of air transportation. Major airports, such as Mehrabad Airport in Tehran, were developed, and Iran Air (the national airline) was established as a symbol of national pride. Iran Air became one of the prominent airlines globally, operating numerous international and domestic flights.

2. Fleet Expansion: During the reign of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Iran’s air fleet was modernized. Iran Air purchased advanced aircraft from Western countries, including Boeing and Airbus, creating an extensive network of domestic and international flights.

Sea Transportation

1. Ports: Iran's ports on the Persian Gulf and the Caspian Sea expanded during the Pahlavi era. Major ports like Bandar Abbas and Khorramshahr were developed into modern shipping hubs. These ports played an important role in the import and export of goods as well as passenger transport.

2. Iran National Shipping Company: The National Iranian Shipping Company was formed during this period, facilitating international maritime transportation of goods. Cargo ships and oil tankers flying the Iranian flag operated, and Iran became a leading maritime nation in the region.

These developments improved both internal and external connectivity, boosted trade, and strengthened Iran’s national economy during the Pahlavi era.